低气压正极性1 m空气间隙冲击流注放电起始特性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2023.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 流注放电是正极性长空气间隙放电过程中首个完整放电阶段,获取低气压流注放电特性对于理解高海拔地区空气间隙击穿机制和雷击接闪过程具有重要意义。基于冲击电压下流注放电临界体积模型,同时考虑气压对临界体积内负离子脱附速率的影响,建立了综合考虑气压、电极曲率半径及电压上升率等多种因素的流注放电起始模型,实现了不同工况下流注放电起始场强和起始时延等特征参数的计算。设计构建了基于低气压1 m空气间隙放电腔体的流注放电实验观测系统,实验获取了0.06 MPa、0.08 MPa及0.1 MPa三种气压条件下的流注放电起始时延分布特性,并进一步对模型计算准确性进行了验证。利用该流注起始模型,在约化电场E/N恒定条件下,计算分析了气压、端部电极尺寸及电压上升率对流注放电起始平均电场和起始时延分散性的影响规律。该研究可为高海拔输变电工程设备绝缘配合和雷电屏蔽性能评估提供指导和参考。

关键词: 长空气间隙放电, 低气压, 流注起始, 临界体积模型, 放电时延

Abstract: Flow discharge is the first complete discharge stage in positive long air gap discharge. It is important to understand the mechanism of air gap breakdown and lightning flash process at high altitude to obtain the characteristics of low pressure flow discharge. Based on the critical volume model of flow discharge under impulse voltage, and considering the effect of gas pressure on the rate of negative ion desorption in critical volume, the initial discharge model is established, which considers many factors such as gas pressure, curvature radius of electrode and rise rate of voltage, etc. . A flow discharge experimental observation system based on a low pressure 1m air gap discharge chamber is designed and constructed, the distribution characteristics of the initial delay of flow discharge at 0.06 MPa, 0.08 MPa and 0.1 MPa are obtained, and the accuracy of the model is further verified. By using this model, it can be found that, under the constant condition of reduced electric field E/N, the effects of gas pressure, electrode size and voltage rise rate on the initial mean electric field and the dispersion of initial time delay of the discharge are calculated and analyzed. The research can provide guidance and reference for insulation coordination and lightning shielding performance evaluation of high altitude transmission and transformation engineering equipment.

Key words: long air gap discharge, low pressure, streamer initiation, critical volume model, discharge delay

中图分类号:

TM855

胡锦洋, 徐晓贇, 车俊儒, 张宛霞, 程晨, 贺恒鑫. 低气压正极性1 m空气间隙冲击流注放电起始特性研究[J]. 湖南电力, 2023, 43(1): 70-78.

HU Jinyang, XU Xiaoyun, CHE Junru, ZHANG Wanxia, CHENG Chen, HE Hengxin. Study on Initiation Characteristics of Low-Pressure Positive-Polarity 1 m Air Gap Impinging Stream Discharge[J]. Hunan Electric Power, 2023, 43(1): 70-78.

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