构网型风力发电机组控制技术综述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2025.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 传统的跟网型风力发电机组大规模接入电网后,存在电网短路比水平下降、同步支撑能力弱、系统惯量降低等问题,而构网型风力发电技术可以减少系统电压和频率波动,提高整体安全稳定运行水平。首先分析双馈风电机组和永磁风电机组两种典型机组的构网型控制系统框架,基于下垂控制、虚拟同步控制、模型预测控制等策略,分别讨论两种机型框架在惯性能力、过载能力和稳定性等方面的优点和缺点。然后从性能提升的角度,对两种机型控制的频率、电压、鲁棒性进行对比分析。最后,梳理构网控制性能提升技术的研究进展,探讨构网型风力发电在未来的研究方向和需要解决的关键技术难题,以期为构网技术的发展提供参考借鉴。

关键词: 双馈风电机组, 永磁风电机组, 构网控制技术, 性能提升

Abstract: When traditional grid-following turbines are connected to the power grid on a large scale, issues such as a decline in the short-circuit ratio of the grid, weakened synchronization support capability, and reduced system inertia may arise. Grid-forming wind power generation technologies can mitigate fluctuations in system voltage and frequency, thereby improving the overall safety and stability of power system operation. Firstly, the grid-forming control system frameworks of two typical wind turbines are analyzed: the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). Based on the most common control strategies, including droop control, virtual synchronous control, and model predictive control, the advantages and disadvantages of these two frameworks are discussed in terms of inertia support capability, overload capacity, and stability. Subsequently, from the perspective of performance improvement, the frequency regulation, voltage control, and robustness of the two models are compared and analyzed. Furthermore, the research progress in control performance enhancement technologies for grid-forming wind turbines are summarized and the future research directions and the key technical challenges that need to be addressed are explored, aiming to provide insights and references for the advancement of grid-forming technologies.

Key words: doubly-fed induction generator, permanent magnet synchronous generator, grid-forming control technologies, performance improvement

中图分类号:

TM615

王玉巍, 魏娟, 黄晟, 陈道君, 邱逢良. 构网型风力发电机组控制技术综述[J]. 湖南电力, 2025, 45(2): 3-12.

WANG Yuwei, WEI Juan, HUANG Sheng, CHEN Daojun, QIU Fengliang. Overview of Control Technologies for Grid-Forming Wind Turbines[J]. Hunan Electric Power, 2025, 45(2): 3-12.

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