多端口能量路由系统虚拟惯性模型预测控制方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2026.05.012

湖南电力 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 95-102.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2026.05.012

多端口能量路由系统虚拟惯性模型预测控制方法

梁伟宸¹, 李烜¹, 王亚娟¹, 袁登甲², 王杰², 黄文焘²

1.国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院,北京 100045;
2.电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室,上海交通大学,上海 200240

收稿日期:2026-05-18 修回日期:2026-06-03 发布日期:2026-11-06
通信作者: 王杰（1994）,男,博士,助理研究员,研究方向为船舶综合电力系统控制保护。
作者简介:梁伟宸（1989）,男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为配电网控制与保护。李烜（1979）,男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为智能配电网。
基金资助:
国网冀北电力有限公司科技项目（B3018K24005V）

Virtual Inertia Model Predictive Control Method for Multi-port Energy Routing System

LIANG Weichen¹, LI Xuan¹, WANG Yajuan¹, YUAN Dengjia², WANG Jie², HUANG Wentao²

1. State Grid Jibei Electric Power Company Limited Research Institute, Beijing 100045, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Received:2026-05-18 Revised:2026-06-03 Published:2026-11-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多端口共直流母线的能量路由系统是聚合并调控异构源荷的高效方式,其直流母线电压的稳定是系统承载新能源波动和负载突变的关键。为提升高波动源荷变化下能量路由系统直流电压稳定性,提出一种基于模型预测控制(model predictive control,MPC)的虚拟惯性优化控制策略。建立虚拟惯性控制系统的状态空间模型,综合考虑动态电压约束与系统变化趋势的优化过程;提出功率-直流电压偏差动态反馈校正的变虚拟惯量系数,实现直流电压偏差抑制和恢复速度提升的预测调控。在MATLAB/Simulink平台上搭建多端口能量路由系统仿真模型,对比传统下垂控制及固定虚拟惯性控制。仿真结果验证了所提方法在端口源荷功率随机波动场景下能有效抑制直流母线电压突变,加快电压恢复速度,改善直流母线电压动态响应性能,可为高比例新能源接入条件下配电网柔性调控和变电站直流系统稳定运行提供参考。

关键词: 多端口能量路由系统, 直流母线电压, 虚拟惯性, 模型预测控制

Abstract: The multi-port energy routing system with a common DC bus is an effective approach for aggregating and regulating heterogeneous sources and loads. The stability of the DC bus voltage is critical for enabling the system to withstand renewable energy fluctuations and sudden load changes. To improve the DC voltage stability of the energy routing system under highly fluctuating source-load conditions, a virtual inertia optimization control strategy based on model predictive control (MPC) is proposed. A state-space model for the virtual inertia control system is established, incorporating dynamic voltage constraints and system evolution trends within the optimization horizon. Furthermore, a variable virtual inertia coefficient based on dynamic feedback correction of power and DC voltage deviations is proposed, enabling predictive regulation that suppresses DC voltage deviations while accelerating voltage recovery. A simulation model of the multi-port energy routing system is built in MATLAB/Simulink. Compared with traditional droop control and fixed virtual inertia control, the simulation results verify that the proposed method can effectively suppress sudden DC bus voltage variations, accelerate voltage recovery, and improve the dynamic response performance of the DC bus voltage under random port source-load power fluctuations. The proposed method can provides a valuable theoretical reference and technical support for flexible regulation of distribution networks and stable operation of substation DC systems under high-penetration renewable energy integration.

Key words: multi-port energy routing system, DC bus voltage, virtual inertia, model predictive control

中图分类号:

TM714.2

梁伟宸, 李烜, 王亚娟, 袁登甲, 王杰, 黄文焘. 多端口能量路由系统虚拟惯性模型预测控制方法[J]. 湖南电力, 2026, 46(5): 95-102.

LIANG Weichen, LI Xuan, WANG Yajuan, YUAN Dengjia, WANG Jie, HUANG Wentao. Virtual Inertia Model Predictive Control Method for Multi-port Energy Routing System[J]. Hunan Electric Power, 2026, 46(5): 95-102.

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多端口能量路由系统虚拟惯性模型预测控制方法

Virtual Inertia Model Predictive Control Method for Multi-port Energy Routing System

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