锂离子电池热失控消防技术研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2024.03.004

湖南电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 25-33.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2024.03.004

• 特约专栏: 输变电设备数字化运检技术 • 上一篇下一篇

锂离子电池热失控消防技术研究进展

贺丹¹, 胡雄雄², 崔豪³

1.青海大学,青海西宁 810016;
2.国网重庆市电力公司检修分公司,重庆 400039;
3.西南大学人工智能学院,重庆 400715

收稿日期:2024-04-07 修回日期:2024-05-10 出版日期:2024-06-25 发布日期:2024-07-10
通信作者: 崔豪(1991),男,副教授,研究方向为能源电力设备在线监测与故障诊断、新型传感器技术等。
作者简介:贺丹(1989),女,硕士,研究方向为锂离子电池热失控机理机故障诊断。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目 (52207175)

Research Progress on Safety Performance Improvement of Lithium-Ion Batteries

HE Dan¹, HU Xiongxiong², CUI Hao³

1. Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
2. State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Maintenance Branch Chongqing, 400039, China;
3. College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Received:2024-04-07 Revised:2024-05-10 Online:2024-06-25 Published:2024-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对锂离子电池热失控及消防技术,介绍现有不同灭火剂类型,分析其在电池火灾中的灭火机理及优劣势,研究锂离子电池热失控机理及演变过程,对锂离子电池灭火剂的未来进行展望。研究结果表明,这些灭火剂在应对锂离子电池火灾时均满足扑灭明火的基本特性,但仍存在不同程度的复燃风险,灭火时长和阻燃效果也不尽相同;此外部分灭火剂在使用后会对环境和设备产生负面影响。因此,开发兼具高效、环保及防复燃特性的新型灭火剂是未来研究的必然趋势。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 热失控, 消防技术

Abstract: :Aiming at the thermal runaway of lithium ion battery and fire fighting technology, the existing types of fire extinguishing agents are introduced, their fire extinguishing mechanism and advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, the mechanism and evolution process of thermal runaway of lithium ion battery are studied, and the future of lithium ion battery fire extinguishing agents is prospected.The research results show that these fire extinguishing agents meet the basic characteristics of extinguishing open fire when dealing with lithium-ion battery fires, but there are still different degrees of reignition risk, fire extinguishing time and flame retardant effect are not the same,in addition some fire extinguishing agents will have a negative impact on the environment and equipment after use. Therefore, the development of new fire extinguishing agents with high efficiency,environmental protection and anti-reignition characteristics is an inevitable trend of future research.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, thermal runaway, fire control technology

中图分类号:

TM911
X932

贺丹, 胡雄雄, 崔豪. 锂离子电池热失控消防技术研究进展[J]. 湖南电力, 2024, 44(3): 25-33.

HE Dan, HU Xiongxiong, CUI Hao. Research Progress on Safety Performance Improvement of Lithium-Ion Batteries[J]. Hunan Electric Power, 2024, 44(3): 25-33.

参考文献

[1]尚玉芬, 张宗杰, 石冀龙,等. 商用车锂离子电池起动性能分析[J].重型汽车. 2024(2):29-30.
[2]YOSHINORI M,YUKO S,TOSHIAKI Y,et al.Estimation of recoverable resources used in lithium-ion batteries from portable electronic devices in Japan[J]. Resources Shiratori,Conservation,Recycling,2021,175:105884.
[3]胡振恺, 雷博, 李勇琦,等. 储能用锂离子电池安全性测试与评估方法比较[J].储能科学与技术,2022,11(5):1650-1656.
[4]吴皓文, 王军, 龚迎莉,等. 储能技术发展现状及应用前景分析[J].电力学报,2021,36(5):434-443.
[5]时浩添. 无人机锂离子电池荷电状态估计研究[D]. 绵阳:西南科技大学,2021.
[6]史菁菁,檀立新,吴金伟,等. 月球探测储能电池过放电影响分析[J].电源技术,2024, 48 (3):454-459.
[7]李明浩,黎桂树,谢松.航空运输环境中锂离子电池热失控研究[J/OL].电源学报,1-13(2022-03-21)[2024-05-10].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/12.1420.TM.20220318.1816.004.html.
[8]NAWAZ M,AHMED J,ABBAS G.Energy-efficient battery management system for healthcare devices[J]. Journal of Energy Storage Abbas, 2022, 51: 104358.
[9]CATENARO E,RIZZO D M,ONORI S.Framework for energy storage selection to design the next generation of electrified military vehicles[J]. Energy Onori,2021,231:120695.
[10]巩文豪, 李蒙, 张涛,等. 高能量长续航无人机电池的开发及制备[J/OL].储能科学与技术,1-10(2024-04-25)[2024-05-10].https://doi.org/10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0147.
[11]李晋, 王青松, 孔得朋,等. 锂离子电池储能安全评价研究进展[J].储能科学与技术,2023,12 (7):2282-2301.
[12]KE Q M,XIN L,GUO J,et al. The retarding effect of liquid-cooling thermal management on thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022,48:104063.
[13]胡东烨, 金泽. 锂电池储能系统的火灾特性分析及扑救要点[J].时代汽车,2024, (1):91-93.
[14]刘靖, 苏忠波, 张延群. 锂离子电池生产企业火灾事故处置对策[J].消防科学与技术,2024, 43 (1):125-128.
[15]高金墙. 锂离子电池仓库火灾灭火救援策略研究[J]. 今日消防,2023,8(9):45-48.
[16]张林,汪书苹,许佳佳,等.不同灭火剂抑制锂离子电池热失控传播试验研究[J/OL].安全与环境学报,1-9(2024-04-04)[2024-05-10].https://doi.org/10.13637/j.issn.1009-6094.2023.1885.
[17]梅洋, 张强. 锂离子电池磷酸铁锂正极材料的研究进展及预测[J].化工科技,1-7(2024-04-04)[2024-05-10].https://doi.org/10.16664/j.cnki.issn1008-0511.20240403.002.
[18]周霄辉, 龚子涵, 孙均利. 锂离子电池LiPF₆电解质溶液热失控行为研究进展[C]//中国消防协会学术工作委员会,中国人民警察大学防大工程学院.中国消防协会学术工作委员会消防科技论文集(2022).北京:中国石化出版社,2022.
[19]BAI J L,WANG Z R,GAO T F,et al. Effect of mechanical extrusion force on thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries caused by flat heating[J]. Journal of Power Sources,2021,507:230305.
[20]牛慧昌, 伍靖怡, 李钊,等. 不同诱发条件下NCM三元锂离子电池热失控和燃烧特性[J].装备环境工程,2022, 19 (7): 83-92.
[21]胡广, 廖承林, 张文杰. 车用锂离子电池热失控研究综述[J].电工电能新技术,2021, 40 (2):66-80.
[22]高维娜, 于海青, 苏文威,等. 储能电站可靠性与安全性技术研究进展[J].电池,2022, 52 (1):110-113.
[23]钟玉发. 超细干粉灭火剂的制备及灭火抑爆效能研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东), 2021.
[24]WANG Q S,SHAO G Z, DUAN Q L,et al. The efficiency of heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent on suppressing the lithium titanate battery fire[J]. Fire Technology, 2015, 52 (2): 387-396.
[25]WANG Q S,LI K, WANG Y,et al. The efficiency of dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one on suppressing the lithium ion battery fire[J]. Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, 2018, 15(4):041001.
[26]YUAN S,CHANG C Y,YAN S S,et al. A review of fire-extinguishing agent on suppressing lithium-ion batteries fire[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2021, 62: 262-280.
[27]谢卓衡, 王子阳, 张刚,等. 全氟己酮及细水雾灭火装置对大容量三元锂离子电池的灭火实验[J].储能科学与技术,2022,11(2):652-659.
[28]刘昱君, 段强领, 黎可,等. 多种灭火剂扑救大容量锂离子电池火灾的实验研究[J].储能科学与技术,2018, 7 (6):1105-1112.
[29]SUN H L,ZHANG L,DUAN Q L,et al. Experimental study on suppressing thermal runaway propagation of lithium-ion batteries in confined space by various fire extinguishing agents[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2022, 167: 299-307.
[30]MENG X D,YANG K,ZHANG M J,et al.Experimental study on combustion behavior and fire extinguishing of lithium iron phosphate battery[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2020, 30:101532.
[31]赵蓝天, 金阳, 赵智兴,等. 磷酸铁锂电池模组过充热失控特性及细水雾灭火效果[J].电力工程技术,2021,40 (1):195-200,207.
[32]RAO H,HUANG Z X,ZHANG H,et al.Study of fire tests and fire safety measures on lithiumion battery used on ships[C]//2015 International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS).Wuhan China,IEEE,2015:865-870.
[33]江长楠. 全氟己酮灭火剂的应用及展望[J] .山东化工,2023, 52 (21): 163-164,167.
[34]刘平, 姜塍林, 窦增培,等. 水成膜泡沫灭火剂性能的测定[J] .电力安全技术,2023, 25 (8):33-36.
[35]赵军超, 付阳阳, 薛峰,等. 低压细水雾系统扑救锂电池箱火灾的试验研究[J].安全与环境学报,2022, 22 (4): 1897-1903.
[36]杨军, 韩志跃, 于跃,等. 基于小尺度试验的ABC干粉灭火性能研究[C]// 2023中国消防协会科学技术年会.中国厦门,2023:7.
[37]屠越, 仪涛, 王深哲,等. 超细干粉和七氟丙烷灭火剂对电缆沟火灾灭火效能影响研究[J].消防科学与技术.2023, 42 (6):818-822.
[38]ZHAO, J C,XUE F,FU Y Y,et al. A comparative study on the thermal runaway inhibition of 18650 lithium-ion batteries by different fire extinguishing agents[J]. iScience, 2021, 24 (8): 102854.
[39]王忠, 李国华, 刘苑. 全氟己酮火灾防控技术应用探析[C]// 2022中国消防协会科学技术年会.中国北京,2022:6.
[40]ZHANG L,JIN K Q,SUN J H,et al. A review of fire-extinguishing agents and fire suppression strategies for lithium-ion batteries fire[J]. Fire Technology, 2024,60(2):817-858.
[41]孟祥飞,韩季君,陈杰,等.锂离子电池火灾原因解析及消防技术研究[J].工业安全与环保,2021,47(12):57-60.
[42]张磊,张永丰,黄昊,等.抑制锂电池火灾灭火剂技术研究进展[J].科技通报,2017,33(8):255-258.
[43]司戈,王青松.锂离子电池火灾危险性及相关研究进展[J].消防科学与技术,2012,31(9):994-996.

锂离子电池热失控消防技术研究进展

Research Progress on Safety Performance Improvement of Lithium-Ion Batteries

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 3

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	吴新华, 刘林萍, 季青锋, 杜倩昀, 李祖鑫, 张锋. 基于机理模型的锂电池最佳放电策略研究[J]. 湖南电力, 2023, 43(6): 132-137.
[2]	陆佳政, 周天念, 吴传平. 锂离子电池储能灭火防复燃技术研究[J]. 湖南电力, 2022, 42(6): 3-6.
[3]	朱浩, 廖红辉, 鄂加强, 邓元望. 锂离子电池组均衡电路设计与仿真[J]. 湖南电力, 2022, 42(4): 28-32.