湖南电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 41-46.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2025.05.006

• 专家专栏:配网灵活储能技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

隔膜胶层材料对磷酸铁锂电池安全性的影响

刘晶菊1,2, 陈罗甲1,2, 王江峰1,2, 陈宝辉1,2, 吴传平1,2   

  1. 1.电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室, 湖南 长沙 410129;
    2.国网湖南省电力有限公司防灾减灾中心, 湖南 长沙 410129
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-23 修回日期:2025-07-29 发布日期:2025-11-11
  • 通信作者: 刘晶菊(1991),女,工程师,博士,主要研究方向为安全储能锂电池技术。
  • 基金资助:
    国家电网有限公司科技项目(5108-202218280A-2-51-XG)

Effect of Separator Adhesive Layer Materials on the Safety of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery

LIU Jingju1,2, CHEN Luojia1,2, WANG Jiangfeng1,2, CHEN Baohui1,2, WU Chuanping1,2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention & Reduction for Power Grid, Changsha 410129, China;
    2. State Grid Hunan Electric Company Limited Disaster Prevention and Reduction Center, Changsha 410129, China
  • Received:2025-06-23 Revised:2025-07-29 Published:2025-11-11

摘要: 针对储能用280 A·h磷酸铁锂电池的安全性问题,对比分析聚偏氟乙烯(poly(vinylidene fluoride),PVDF)与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA)作为隔膜胶层材料时,在过充、外部加热及针刺滥用条件下对电池安全性能的影响。结果表明,采用PVDF胶层的电池在三种滥用工况下均表现出更优的安全特性:安全阀开启时间延迟0.1~7.5 min,电压突降时间延迟0.1~10.5 min,热失控后最高温度分别降低了11 ℃、1.5 ℃、16.7 ℃,最大温升速率降低0.11~3.18 ℃/s。该研究为储能电池隔膜材料选型及安全性能优化提供关键数据支撑。

关键词: 锂电池, 安全性, 储能, 过充, 外部加热, 针刺

Abstract: To address the safety issues of 280 A·h lithium iron phosphate batteries for energy storage, a comparative analysis of the effects of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as separator adhesive layer materials on the safety performance of batteries under overcharging, external heating, and needle-puncture abuse conditions is performed. The results show that batteries with PVDF adhesive layers exhibit superior safety characteristics under all three abuse conditions: the activation time of the safety valve is delayed by 0.1~7.5 minutes, and the voltage drop time is postponed by 0.1-10.5 minutes. Following thermal runaway, the maximum temperature is decreased by 11℃, 1.5℃, and 16.7℃, respectively, while the maximum temperature rise rate is reduced by 0.11~3.18℃/s. This study provides critical experimental data for separator material selection and safety optimization in energy storage batteries.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, safety, energy storage, overcharge, external heating, nail penetration

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