湖南电力 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 149-154.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2026.02.019

• 电力规划与市场 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于激光SLAM技术的架空线路无人机全自主巡检系统

杨嘉妮, 朱丽婷, 荣万鹏, 罗敏怡   

  1. 国网湖南省电力有限公司超高压输电公司,湖南 长沙 410100
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-14 修回日期:2026-02-02 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-05-09
  • 作者简介:杨嘉妮(1990年),女,工程师,从事无人机巡检工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国网湖南省电力有限公司科技项目(5216AJ240003)

fully Autonomous UAV inspection System for Over‍head Lines Based on Laser SLAM Technology

YANG Jiani, ZHU Liting, RONG Wanpeng, LUO Minyi   

  1. State Grid Hunan Extra High Voltage Transmission Company, Changsha 410100, China
  • Received:2025-11-14 Revised:2026-02-02 Online:2026-04-25 Published:2026-05-09

摘要: 针对当前输电线路巡检工作存在的工序复杂、数据处理耗时、自动化程度低及环境干扰严重等问题,提出一种基于激光即时定位与地图构建(simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM)技术的架空线路无人机全自主巡检系统。该系统集成激光雷达、可见光相机、惯性测量单元及边缘计算模块,利用SLAM技术完成激光点云输电通道实时建图、实时杆塔提取,建立杆塔模板库实时匹配杆塔类型,建立杆塔航点库,结合对应的杆塔类型实时匹配杆塔航点,完成精细巡检航线规划。该系统在单次飞行中即可完成高精度、高效率的通道和精细巡检任务,可大幅压缩巡检工序,有效提升无人机巡检作业自动化程度。

关键词: 激光SLAM, 无人机巡检, 多传感器集成, 航线规划

Abstract: To address the issues of complex procedures, such as time-consuming data processing, low automation levels, and significant environmental interference,a fully autonomous UAV inspection system for overhead linesbased on laser SLAM technology is proposed. The system fully integrates LiDAR, visible-light cameras, an iMU, and an edge computing module. Utilizing SLAM technology, it achieves real-time mapping of transmission corridors via laser point clouds, real-time pylon extraction, real-time pylon type matching based on an established pylon template library, and real-time waypoint matching for corresponding pylon types using a pre-built waypoint database, thereby completing detailed inspection route planning. The system can accomplish high-precision, high-efficiency channel and detailed inspection tasks in a single flight, significantly reducing inspection procedures and effectively enhancing the automation level of UAV inspection operations.

Key words: laser SLAM, UAV inspection, multi-sensor integration, flight route planning

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