储能磷酸铁锂电池灭火抑爆技术研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0198.2025.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 分析国内外储能磷酸铁锂电池火灾的特点,列举了各类故障的典型事故案例。对比储能电池火灾和汽车动力电池火灾的区别。总结了目前国内外研究的氟基灭火剂、水基灭火剂、气溶胶、液氮、二氧化碳灭火技术的优劣性,以及大容量磷酸铁锂电池储能系统燃爆机理、防爆和抑爆技术的国内外研究进展。提出“本征安全预防火灾发生”“预警与主动调控避免热失控发生”“灭火抑爆实现安全兜底”的锂离子电池储能系统安全防护三道防线的观点,为磷酸铁锂储能行业火灾爆炸防控提供指导。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 磷酸铁锂, 灭火, 抑爆

Abstract: The characteristics of lithium iron phosphate battery fires in energy storage systems both at home and abroad are analyzed, and typical accident cases of various faults are listed. The differences between energy storage battery fires and automotive power battery fires are compared. The advantages and disadvantages of current research on fluorine-based fire extinguishing agents, water-based fire extinguishing agents, aerosols, liquid nitrogen, and carbon dioxide fire extinguishing technologies at home and abroad are summarized. The research progress on the combustion and explosion mechanism, explosion prevention and explosion suppression technologies of large-capacity lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage systems at home and abroad is summarized. The viewpoint of "intrinsic safety to prevent fires", "early warning and active regulation to avoid thermal runaway", and "fire suppression and explosion suppression to ensure safety as a last resort" for the safety defense of lithium-iron battery energy storage systems is proposed, providing technical guidance for the prevention and control of fire and explosion in the domestic lithium iron phosphate energy storage industry.

Key words: lithium-iron batteries, lithium iron phosphate, extinguish the fire, explosion suppression

中图分类号:

TM911
X932

陈宝辉, 邓捷, 吴传平, 周天念, 周特军. 储能磷酸铁锂电池灭火抑爆技术研究进展[J]. 湖南电力, 2025, 45(6): 56-67.

CHEN Baohui, DENG Jie, WU Chuanping, ZHOU Tiannian, ZHOU Tejun. Research Progress and Prospect on Fire Suppression and Explosion Suppression Technology of Energy Storage Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery[J]. Hunan Electric Power, 2025, 45(6): 56-67.

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